OSI Layer 1: The Physical Layer

OSI Layer 1 comprises three sublayers: encoding, parallel to serial and amplifiers, LEDs, and lasers. Layer 1 pushes data to mind-blowing speeds of 20Tbps across ocean floors via fiber cables. New server NICs are pumping data at 200Gbps in data centers. Layer 1 is where signals are impacted by NEXT (Near End Crosstalk) FEXT (Far End Crosstalk), reflection, refraction, dispersion, absorption, and attenuation just to name a few! More money is spent at Layer 1 than all other layers combined! Our Free E-Books online for IT students-IT professionals and Anyone wanting to further their technical education: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1rXhqVsdKJBeV8mDvNYcS-p7mhamSliDe?usp=sharing If you would like to support the channel, Join our channel membership, it’s $2.99/month (less than a Starbucks coffee); see the “Join” button on our channel homepage. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCAXBGYIJnScl0IFKXOIlsQ/join OR Subscribe to the channel as it helps our channel perfor